A person gazes at two whimsical cloud sculptures against a bright blue sky with scattered clouds.

Desert X 2025: Eleven Artists Conjure Contested Narratives and Possible Futures

Words by Eric David

Coachella Valley, USA

Every two years, the arid expanse of California’s Coachella Valley becomes the canvas for Desert X—an exhibition that rewrites the script of land art with a distinctly 21st-century pen. For its 2025 edition (running until May 11), curated by returning artistic director Neville Wakefield together with Kaitlin Garcia-Maestas, the desert is transformed from a romantic void into a palimpsest of deep time, contested narratives, and possible futures. Eleven artists from across the globe engage with this layered terrain, offering sensorial, architectural, and ephemeral responses to themes ranging from Indigenous futurism and design activism to the role of emerging technologies in contemporary society. Here, temporality is not linear but looping—where ancestral memory converses with speculative design, and wind and light become co-authors of meaning. As the works punctuate the landscape, they prompt reflection on how we occupy our increasingly imperilled world underscoring the urgency of finding sustainable approaches to living.

Two large, rough-hewn white marble blocks stand on a sandy landscape under a clear blue sky, with mountains in the distance.

Desert X 2025 installation view of Jose Dávila, The act of being together, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

Two glittering cloud sculptures on tall poles stand against a clear blue sky and snow-capped mountains, surrounded by rocky terrain.

Desert X 2025 installation view of Sanford Biggers, Unsui (Mirror), photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

As always, there’s no shortage of monumental installations. José Dávila’s The Act of Being Together, for example, consists of massive, monolithic marble blocks resembling archaeological relics from a long-lost civilisation. Transported to the Coachella Valley from a quarry several hundred miles across the US–Mexico border, the marble spans both space and time. The daunting task of moving the blocks across that boundary alludes, of course, to the physical and psychological toll migrants endure in search of a brighter future. With that being said, his work is no scathing political reproach; on the contrary, it’s about finding hope amid hardship. Monumentally stacked in evocatively balanced formations, the blocks speak of strength, resilience, and communities coming together. Experienced amid the desert’s almost empty, vast landscape, their timeless sensibility also echoes our transient position within an infinite expanse.

A group of large white stone blocks arranged in an art installation, set against a desert landscape and mountain backdrop under a blue sky.

Desert X 2025 installation view of Jose Dávila, The act of being together, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

A modern pyramid structure adorned with various plants and cacti against a clear blue sky, showcasing innovative vertical gardening.

Desert X 2025 installation view of Agnes Denes The Living Pyramid at SunnylandsCenter & Gardens, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X.

The Living Pyramid by pioneering artist Agnes Denes is another monumental piece that conjures echoes of ancient civilisations. On view at Sunnylands Center & Gardens, the pyramid-shaped structure was planted in November with native vegetation. Ever since, its form has gradually transformed as the plants sprout and bloom in sync with the desert’s slow-growing rhythms. Part sculpture, part environmental intervention, it unites Denes’ powerful public landworks with her ongoing exploration of the pyramid—one of humanity’s most iconic forms—reminding us that through care and nurture, the spirit of endurance is allowed to endure.

A stepped pyramid garden adorned with colorful flowers and cacti, set against a clear blue sky.

Desert X 2025 installation view of Agnes Denes The Living Pyramid at SunnylandsCenter & Gardens, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X.

A pyramid-shaped structure surrounded by lush greenery and mountains under a clear sky, with three people exploring the landscape.

Desert X 2025 installation view of Agnes Denes The Living Pyramid at SunnylandsCenter & Gardens, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X.

A person stands beside a large, holographic installation reflecting vibrant colors in a desert landscape under a clear sky.

Desert X 2025 installation view of Kimsooja, To Breathe  Coachella Valley, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

A curved, reflective panel creates a spectrum of colorful light against a desert landscape, illuminated by the setting sun.

Desert X 2025 installation view of Kimsooja, To Breathe  Coachella Valley, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

Far more futuristic in form yet equally timeless in concept is South Korean artist Kimsooja’s To Breathe – Coachella Valley, a spiral glass structure that visitors can walk through. Inspired by the traditional Korean fabric bundle known as bottari, a signature motif in the artist’s practice, the work is wrapped in an optical film that produces a dazzling spectrum of light and colour thanks to thousands of vertical and horizontal grooves that act as prisms. The installation itself serves to draw a line between different cultures and belief systems with the colour spectrum alluding to symbolic meanings in Taoism, Confucianism and Buddhism whilst solemnly nodding to the historical roots of the Light and Space movement which fittingly originated on the US West Coast.

An iridescent spiral installation in a desert landscape, reflecting sunlight amidst a backdrop of suburban homes.

Desert X 2025 installation view of Kimsooja, To Breathe  Coachella Valley, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

A sculptural pathway curves through a desert landscape, leading to smooth, abstract structures surrounded by sparse vegetation and mountains.

Desert X 2025 installation view of Sarah Meyohas, Truth Arrives in Slanted Beams, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

A modern white structure with curved lines sits in a desert landscape, surrounded by sparse vegetation and distant mountains under a blue sky.

Desert X 2025 installation view of Sarah Meyohas, Truth Arrives in Slanted Beams, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

A serene desert scene featuring abstract white structures and a reflective metal disc on sandy terrain under a soft, cloudy sky.

Desert X 2025 installation view of Sarah Meyohas, Truth Arrives in Slanted Beams, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

Reflection and refraction also underpin Sarah Meyohas’ immersive installation Truth Arrives in Slanted Beams. Paying homage to 20th-century land art, her sinuous, ribbon-like structure makes an impression even before visitors activate it by projecting sunlight onto its surface via a series of reflective discs that are meant to recall ancient sundials. Once they do, the piece comes alive with wave-like light patterns—akin to the caustics seen at the bottom of a swimming pool—inducing a longing for the desert’s ever-receding water.

  • A person stands on sandy terrain beside a curved white wall, illuminated with the word "TRUTH" against a clear blue sky.

    Desert X 2025 installation view of Sarah Meyohas, Truth Arrives in Slanted Beams, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

  • A white, curving structure with circular mirrors, set against a desert landscape and blue sky with scattered clouds.

    Desert X 2025 installation view of Sarah Meyohas, Truth Arrives in Slanted Beams, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

  • A modern, curved white sculpture encloses a shiny sphere, set against a backdrop of distant mountains and cloudy sky.

    Desert X 2025 installation view of Sarah Meyohas, Truth Arrives in Slanted Beams, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

A minimalist white structure winds through sandy terrain, framed by mountains and a clear sky, casting intricate shadows in the sunlight.

Desert X 2025 installation view of Sarah Meyohas, Truth Arrives in Slanted Beams, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

A vast desert landscape with low shrubs and sparse vegetation, two people walking along a winding path, framed by distant mountain ranges.

Desert X 2025 installation view of Raphael Hefti, Five things you can’t wear on TV, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

A barren valley with scattered shrubs, framed by rocky mountains and a few palm trees, under a partly cloudy sky.

Desert X 2025 installation view of Raphael Hefti, Five things you can’t wear on TV, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

Swiss artist Raphael Hefti takes a more understated approach to light. His piece, Five Things You Can’t Wear on TV, features a long, suspended ribbon of black woven polymer fibre—originally designed for lightweight fire hoses—stretched between two distant anchor points. One side of the ribbon is coated with a reflective finish, and as it flutters in the wind, light flickers along its surface, subtly destabilising visitors’ perception of space, scale and distance.

Wind also plays a central role in What Remains, a poetic installation by Saudi artist Muhannad Shono. Here, long strips of fabric are interwoven with desert shrubs, loosely anchored in the sand allowing them to billow and become tangled as a result of the ever-changing breeze. The resulting chaos speaks to the fluidity of identity and land, evoking how the landscape itself is in constant flux.

Desert landscape with curved tarps scattered among sparse vegetation and sandy ground, under a cloudy sky.

Desert X 2025 installation view of Muhannad Shono, What Remains, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

  • A windswept landscape of dry sand, featuring twisted branches and tattered fabric partially buried, under a cloudy sky.

    Desert X 2025 installation view of Muhannad Shono, What Remains, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

  • Desolate landscape with abandoned, weathered boats half-buried in sand, surrounded by sparse vegetation and distant mountains.

    Desert X 2025 installation view of Muhannad Shono, What Remains, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

  • A barren desert landscape with scattered vegetation and large fabric sheets, framed by distant mountains under a cloudy sky.

    Desert X 2025 installation view of Muhannad Shono, What Remains, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

  • Crumpled tarpaulins scattered across a dry, barren landscape, with low shrubs and mountains in the background under an overcast sky.

    Desert X 2025 installation view of Muhannad Shono, What Remains, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

Curved, weathered fabric structures jut from a sandy landscape, framed by distant mountains and scattered desert vegetation under a cloudy sky.

Desert X 2025 installation view of Muhannad Shono, What Remains, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

This interplay between material and meaning is key to both Shono and American architect-artist Ronald Rael, even though their approaches differ. While Shono conjures form through conceptual ingenuity, Rael on the other hand, harnesses cutting-edge technology to revive ancient crafts. Case in point, Adobe Oasis, an earthen structure built through robotic 3D printing. Inspired by the legacy of Coachella Valley’s palm oases, the structure’s corrugated texture mimics palm bark, while the maze-like layout frames views of the land and sky in an attempt to cultivate solitude and reflection.

Two textured clay walls create a narrow passageway, illuminated by natural light against a clear blue sky.

Desert X 2025 installation view of Ronald Rael, Adobe Oasis, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

A person explores a structure made of stacked bricks near a palm tree, set against a desert landscape and mountainous backdrop.

Desert X 2025 installation view of Ronald Rael, Adobe Oasis, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

Aerial view of unique zigzag walls surrounding a palm tree on sandy ground, casting long shadows in warm sunlight.

Desert X 2025 installation view of Ronald Rael, Adobe Oasis, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

A sign on a dirt road reads, "Soul Service Station," offering support with a desert backdrop and mountains in the distance.

Desert X 2025 installation view of Alison Saar, Soul Service Station, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X.

Californian artist Alison Saar also delves into the past with Soul Service Station, reimagining a sculptural intervention she created in Roswell, New Mexico in 1986. Constructed from salvaged materials, the installation takes its cues from the thousands of roadside gas stations that have populated the American West, including the Coachella Valley. Featuring community-crafted elements such as repoussé foil medallions inscribed with wishes for healing and hope, Saar’s station offers a spiritual top-up for weary travellers, inviting them to have “their blues flushed, spirits inflated, hearts charged, and souls filled.”

  • Close-up of a vintage red gas pump with a metallic nozzle and hose, featuring a hook and a distinct textured design.

    Desert X 2025 installation view of Alison Saar, Soul Service Station, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X.

  • A roadside sign shaped like a tire, featuring a motivational message about keeping clear to drive forward. Surrounding desert landscape is visible.

    Desert X 2025 installation view of Alison Saar, Soul Service Station, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X.

  • A silhouette of a figure cleaning a window, wearing a red outfit labeled "Soul Service Station," framed by desert landscape.

    Desert X 2025 installation view of Alison Saar, Soul Service Station, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X.

  • A unique red gas pump at a "Soul Service Station" in the desert, framed by mountains and a blue sky with scattered clouds.

    Desert X 2025 installation view of Alison Saar, Soul Service Station, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X.

A vintage red gas pump stands beside a silver, modernist gas station in a desert landscape under a partly cloudy sky.

Desert X 2025 installation view of Alison Saar, Soul Service Station, photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X.

A bright red dome tent is pitched beside a vintage van in a rugged, dry landscape with scattered vegetation and rocky hills.

Desert X 2025 installation view of Cannupa Hanska Luger, G.H.O.S.T. Ride (Generative Habitation Operating System Technology), photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

A shiny van sits under a large red mesh canopy in a rocky desert landscape, with surfboards on top and unique tracks underneath.

Desert X 2025 installation view of Cannupa Hanska Luger, G.H.O.S.T. Ride (Generative Habitation Operating System Technology), photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

It’s not hard to imagine American artist Cannupa Hanska Luger’s nomadic caravan, G.H.O.S.T. Ride, pulling into Saar’s service station at some point during its journey across Coachella Valley over the duration of the exhibition. Combining salvaged industrial materials, ceramics, video, and sound, Luger’s mobile installation marries Mad Max aesthetics with Indigenous futurism. The result? A speculative, moving outpost that imagines communities living in harmony with nature in juxtaposition to colonial paradigms of extraction and exploitation.

  • A reflective van with a tank tread, sheltered by a bright orange mesh covering in a rocky desert landscape.

    Desert X 2025 installation view of Cannupa Hanska Luger, G.H.O.S.T. Ride (Generative Habitation Operating System Technology), photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

  • A close-up of a reflective vehicle, showing rugged terrain tires and vibrant red nets overhead, amidst a desert landscape.

    Desert X 2025 installation view of Cannupa Hanska Luger, G.H.O.S.T. Ride (Generative Habitation Operating System Technology), photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

  • A shiny van with orange buoy-like structures on its roof, surrounded by a geometric frame and a rocky landscape in the background.

    Desert X 2025 installation view of Cannupa Hanska Luger, G.H.O.S.T. Ride (Generative Habitation Operating System Technology), photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

  • A silver van with red fabric canopies in a desert, alongside a unique trailer featuring decorative horns and unique wheel designs.

    Desert X 2025 installation view of Cannupa Hanska Luger, G.H.O.S.T. Ride (Generative Habitation Operating System Technology), photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

A grey van with a large, mesh orange canopy sits in a dry, rocky landscape, accompanied by a small trailer and scattered vegetation.

Desert X 2025 installation view of Cannupa Hanska Luger, G.H.O.S.T. Ride (Generative Habitation Operating System Technology), photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

Two large, stylized metal cloud sculptures with intricate designs against a clear blue sky.

Desert X 2025 installation view of Sanford Biggers, Unsui (Mirror), photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

Finally, Unsui (Mirror) by New York-based artist Sanford Biggers features two cloud-shaped sculptures draped in sequins, shimmering like mirages in the desert light. Drawing on Buddhist philosophy, the term unsui—“clouds and water” in Japanese—symbolises freedom, boundlessness, and interconnection. In this parched environment, however, clouds also promise water: elusive, vital, and laden with hope.

A person stands in a barren landscape, gazing up at two towering metal cloud sculptures against a blue sky with scattered clouds.

Desert X 2025 installation view of Sanford Biggers, Unsui (Mirror), photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X. 

Running until May 11, 2025, Desert X 2025 is less an exhibition than a pilgrimage through layered histories, speculative futures, and elemental truths. “As much as the desert is a state of place, it is also a state of mind,” Wakefield, the event’s artistic director reminds us. For here, imagination takes root in dust and light, sprouting visions of resilience, reconciliation, and radical possibility.

A person gazes at two whimsical cloud sculptures against a bright blue sky with scattered clouds.

Desert X 2025 installation view of Sanford Biggers, Unsui (Mirror), photo by Lance Gerber, courtesy Desert X.