A brutalist concrete pillar serves as a stoic anchor amidst the bookstore's fluid, modular design. To the left, a light-wood pegboard partition on wheels suggests a nomadic versatility, while to the right, a series of intricately carved, dark traditional screens adds a layer of historic gravity. The composition celebrates the intersection of raw materiality and refined craftsmanship.

A Suzhou Bookstore Embraces Modularity Inspired by Kunqu Operatic Heritage

Words by Yatzer

Suzhou, Jiangsu, China

Since its opening in 1993 next to Suzhou’s Kunqu Opera Museum of China, Baihua Bookstore provided a gathering place for devotees of one of China’s oldest opera traditions. After falling into disuse, Shanghai-based practice Tsing-Tien Making saw an opportunity not only to renovate the bookstore but to reimagine it as a flexible cultural node, drawing inspiration from the region’s operatic heritage. The result is a quietly radical intervention that translates the structural intelligence of the now-rare Tangmingdan, a portable opera stage, into a contemporary bookstore where browsing, display and performance fluidly intersect.

The dark, monolithic presence of the central kiosk is framed by the ethereal brightness of the gallery space. The contrast between the kiosk’s heavy, geometric form and the delicate, traditional black latticework on its sides illustrates a sophisticated blending of industrial and heritage styles. This "room within a room" creates an intimate, focused atmosphere for discovery.

Photography by Wen Studio.

Captured in a serene, minimalist palette, this view highlights the spatial relationship between the interior and the external courtyard. A large, bowl-shaped pendant light hangs low over a dark, geometric counter, while the opposite wall features a rhythmic grid of small wooden pegs. The atmosphere is one of scholarly quietude and architectural precision.

Photography by Wen Studio.

This perspective highlights the spatial tension between a heavy, dark-toned service pavilion and the airy, minimalist gallery beyond. A circular cutout in the pavilion’s ceiling mimics a celestial portal, while a grid of wooden pegs on the far white wall offers a rhythmic, tactile texture. The neutral palette is punctuated by the deep patina of the architectural inserts.

Photography by Wen Studio.

Emerging during the Ming dynasty in the Jiangsu province, Kunqu often unfolded in improvised outdoor settings, prompting local troupes to develop portable stage structures. These Tangmingdan could be rapidly assembled, dismantled and carried from venue to venue, thanks to how their modular panels were able to collapse into a single transportable box. Although few examples sadly survive today, the designers drew directly from this tradition, grounding their design on the principles of modularity and adaptability. Rather than treating the bookstore as a fixed retail interior, they created a micro-theatre, capable of being reconfigured, be that for readings, workshops or performances.

At the heart of the space, the designers inserted a compact Tangmingdan-inspired box: a 7-square-metre enclosure housing the cashier and an extendable retail table. Finished in a deep antiqued-brass stain, it stands out against the otherwise muted palette of white, light grey and blond plywood surfaces not only for its colouration but also for its ornamental articulation. While the rest of the bookstore adopts a restrained minimalism, the kiosk is composed of decorative panels: some fashioned from reclaimed wooden doors discovered on site and stripped of paint using a carbonizing technique, others newly made with circular cutouts or perforated steel inserts whose rhythmic pattern riffs on the latticework of the originals. Suspended above, spherical pendant lamps extend outward on cantilevered arms, echoing the lanterns that once crowned traditional stages.

A series of dark, slender wooden fins curves gracefully from the ceiling, supported by vibrant orange tension cables. This sculptural installation houses integrated orb lighting, casting a soft glow over the space. The rhythmic, rib-like structure reflects a modern, "modular" interpretation of traditional operatic aesthetics, creating a sense of weightless artistry within the scholarly environment.

Photography by Wen Studio.

A symmetrical shot captures the central dark-wood kiosk, evoking a sense of secular ritual. The structure’s deep brown surfaces are perforated with perfect circles, creating a graphic, mid-century modern aesthetic. Above, thin red cables support the canopy, adding a subtle, vibrant linear detail to the otherwise monochromatic and disciplined interior.

Photography by Wen Studio.

A detailed shot showcases a traditional black latticework screen, its intricate geometric patterns contrasting with a modern, perforated light panel behind it. This layering of "heritage and industrial" elements creates a sophisticated depth. The warm white light filtered through the circular apertures evokes the glow of a stage, subtly referencing the project's proximity to the Kunqu Opera Museum.

Photography by Wen Studio.

The view emphasizes the layered architectural "skins" of the project. A dark wood partition featuring circular apertures creates a rhythmic play of light and shadow, leading the eye toward the "soft surgery" of the modern, light-filled shelves. The smooth, light-toned floor connects these diverse textures, maintaining a sense of Zen-like continuity and flow.

Photography by Wen Studio.

This wide interior shot captures the bookstore’s modular and mobile design elements. Mobile plywood partitions on wheels, draped with soft white curtains, offer a flexible spatial arrangement. The juxtaposition of the heavy, immovable concrete column and the fluid, adaptable furniture reflects a contemporary, nomadic approach to traditional retail spaces.

Photography by Wen Studio.

  • Looking out from the dark interior of the service pavilion, the view is framed by sleek black vertical slats. In the background, minimalist grey and wood shelving displays books with gallery-like precision. The composition creates a cinematic depth, highlighting the transition from the enclosure's atmospheric shadows to the open, diffused light of the retail area.

    Photography by Wen Studio.

  • This image features expansive light-wood shelving units paired with soft grey lower cabinetry. The clean, horizontal lines are punctuated by curated book covers displayed as individual pieces of art. The neutral color palette and orderly composition create a meditative, "Zen" atmosphere that emphasizes the bookstore's role as a tranquil cultural sanctuary.

    Photography by Wen Studio.

A minimalist detail shot focuses on a white display wall where vinyl records are displayed as art on small wooden pegs. A large, bowl-shaped pendant light hangs partially in view, its soft glow illuminating the clean lines and white surfaces. To the right, the dark silhouette of a perforated partition adds a graphic, architectural edge to the serene composition.

Photography by Wen Studio.

Modularity firmly shapes every element. Three large peg-board panels capable of accommodating differing merchandise can swing inward to define a temporary stage in tandem with detachable components from the central volume. Another wall hosts a minimalist vinyl display with magnetic mounts for swift reconfiguration, while the opposite side holds a linear run of shelving and cabinets whose recessed niches form quiet alcoves for select titles. A full-height glass façade floods the interior with daylight and yet can be veiled by a retractable timber screen when the space shifts into performance mode. Across the bookstore, curtains, signage and shelving behave as mobile agents within a larger system, able to rewrite spatial narratives without altering the underlying architecture.

By embracing material reuse and modular ingenuity, Tsing-Tien Making has recast Baihua Bookstore as a living stage for cultural encounter. Rather than pursuing a “finished” interior, the team prioritised adaptability, designing a space that can be annotated, rearranged and reactivated as new programmes emerge, in what is an homage to the adaptive spirit of Kunqu.

A detailed shot showcases the textural contrast between a textured concrete pillar and the delicate, geometric latticework of a traditional black screen. In the background, minimalist light-wood bookshelves provide a clean, Japandi-style counterpoint, illustrating Wutopia Lab's philosophy of layering different eras and materials to create a "complex simplicity."

Photography by Wen Studio.

A brutalist concrete pillar serves as a stoic anchor amidst the bookstore's fluid, modular design. To the left, a light-wood pegboard partition on wheels suggests a nomadic versatility, while to the right, a series of intricately carved, dark traditional screens adds a layer of historic gravity. The composition celebrates the intersection of raw materiality and refined craftsmanship.

Photography by Wen Studio.

The interior reveals a sophisticated balance of light and shadow. A dark, ornate traditional screen acts as a sculptural partition against a backdrop of pale wood flooring and minimalist white shelving. Arched black metal armatures support glowing globe lights, creating a rhythmic, celestial canopy that guides the eye toward the sunlit courtyard beyond.

Photography by Wen Studio.

A traditional Suzhou storefront is reimagined with a neo-vernacular sensibility. Beneath a weathered grey-tiled roof, the facade is shielded by sleek, vertical translucent panels that glow softly from within. This contemporary intervention creates a luminous dialogue between the historic texture of the street and the ethereal, modern sanctuary of the bookstore.

Photography by Wen Studio.

A blurred figure interacts with the bookstore’s kinetic facade, pulling back translucent sliding screens to reveal a warm, Zen-inspired interior. The contrast between the dark, heavy traditional eaves and the light, mobile panels emphasizes a theme of "soft surgery," where modern functionality is delicately woven into a historic architectural fabric.

Photography by Wen Studio.

An evening view looking through a glass storefront reveals an interplay of heritage and modernism. Intricately carved traditional black screens sit alongside minimalist plywood pegboards and orb-like pendant lights. The composition highlights the "Crystal Palace" concept, where transparency allows the storied past of Suzhou to bleed into a bright, curated future.

Photography by Wen Studio.

A Suzhou Bookstore Embraces Modularity Inspired by Kunqu Operatic Heritage