The corner of a Venetian dining room displays a tactile interplay of surfaces: a rough, metallic wall sculpture by Vincenzo De Cotiis hangs above a sleek Verde Alpi marble table. Exposed brickwork meets refined marble paneling, while Donald Judd’s wall-mounted boxes reflect the exhibition’s "Minimal Legends" theme of raw-meets-refined.

Minimal Legends at the Vincenzo De Cotiis Foundation Brings Minimalism’s Leading Voices to Venice

Words by Eric David

Venice, Italy

Labels such as "Minimalist", "Abstract Expressionist" or "Conceptual artist" may help critics and curators map the crowded terrain of post-war art, but the artists themselves rarely worked within such tidy boundaries, and the affinities between movements were always more permeable than art history tends to allow. Minimal Legends, an exhibition at the Vincenzo De Cotiis Foundation in Venice's Palazzo Giustinian Lolin, on view during the Venice Biennale, is built around this insight. Co-curated by Claudia Rose De Cotiis and Lawrence Van Hagen of LVH Art, the show brings together seventeen works spanning Minimalism and its adjacent movements alongside two works by Vincenzo De Cotiis himself, using the layered rooms of the Foundation's storied Venetian palazzo to stage a dialogue that is less about historical survey than about continuity and reinvention.

This wall-mounted relief by Vincenzo De Cotiis showcases a heavily patinated, silvered surface with a rich, corrugated texture. The irregular, patchwork composition of industrial materials evokes an "archaeology of the future," where silvered tones and shadows create a tactile, painterly quality that bridge the gap between raw construction and fine art.

Vincenzo De Cotiis, Untitled, 1997. Recycled aluminium. 180 x 120 x 20 cm.

Viewed through a sequence of monumental, burl wood doorways, a crumpled, multi-colored metal sculpture by John Chamberlain stands as a dynamic focal point in a hushed Venetian hall. The sculpture’s chaotic, automotive energy contrasts sharply with the rhythmic symmetry and silent, polished terrazzo floors of the historic enfilade.

Minimal Legends, exhibition view at the Vincenzo De Cotiis Foundation. Featured: Splendid Actor (1989) by John Chamberlain. Photography by Alberto Sinigaglia.

While all the works presented are grounded in a minimal sensibility, the exhibition resists treating Minimalism as a closed or self-contained movement. Instead, it reveals how closely intertwined it was with parallel artistic investigations unfolding in post-war America. One of the movement's key figures, Donald Judd, acknowledged this overlap in his 1965 essay Specific Objects, where he traced a line from Mark Rothko's immersive colour fields to the object-based practices he, Frank Stella, and John Chamberlain were beginning to develop.

On display, Stella's Scramble: Green Double / Left N, Right 8 (1977), a hypnotic composition of concentric bands of colour, channels Rothko's engrossing chromatic intensity while espousing Minimalism's formal clarity. Chamberlain's Splendid Actor (1989), a compressed, chromium-plated tangle of painted steel, draws on the prefabricated vernacular of Pop Art and the poetic gestures of Abstract Expressionism. Judd's Untitled (1986–87), four wall-mounted aluminium and yellow Plexiglass units, represents the far end of this trajectory: industrial materials and bold colour reduced to pure objecthood. Where Judd focused on the objectness of a piece, Sol LeWitt focused on the system behind it. His Horizontal Progression #7 (1991) foregrounds idea over composition, transforming sculpture into a conceptual proposition. Tellingly, both Judd annd LeWitt did not consider themselves Minimalists.

Inside a Venetian palazzo, Frank Stella's vibrant geometric "Concentric Square" paintings create a bold, hard-edged counterpoint to ornate, teal damask wallpaper. The scene is grounded by a textured, cast-concrete wainscoting and a translucent resin stool by Vincenzo De Cotiis, blending industrial materiality with the ethereal light of the lagoon.

Minimal Legends, exhibition view at the Vincenzo De Cotiis Foundation. Featured: Scramble: Green Double/ Left N, Right 8 (1977) by Frank Stella. Photography by Alberto Sinigaglia.

In a grand, high-ceilinged hall, a delicate wire-grid sculpture by Sol LeWitt rests on a terrazzo floor, overshadowed by a massive, tiered glass chandelier. A monolithic, dark-textured sideboard by De Cotiis sits beneath a serene, monochromatic painting by Agnes Martin, illustrating a masterful balance between empty space and decorative intensity.

Minimal Legends, exhibition view at the Vincenzo De Cotiis Foundation. Featured: Horizontal Progression #7 (1991) by Sol LeWitt on the ground and Untitled 5 (1989) by Agnes Martin on the wall. Photography by Alberto Sinigaglia.

A sparse, atmospheric salon features a grid of copper floor plates by Carl Andre, reflecting the soft light filtering through tall Venetian windows. The room’s darkened, patinated walls and an ornate gilt-mirrored fireplace frame the installation, emphasizing the quiet power of Minimalist geometry within a space defined by centuries of history.

Minimal Legends, exhibition view at the Vincenzo De Cotiis Foundation. Featured: Fifth Copper Square (2007) by Carl Andre. Photography by Alberto Sinigaglia.

Elsewhere, the exhibition shifts from object to experience. Carl Andre's Fifth Copper Square (2007), comprising twenty-five copper plates laid directly across the floor, activates the viewer's movement through space as part of the work. Dan Flavin's Untitled (to Sabine and Holger) (1966–71) and Larry Bell's Untitled (1967) dissolve material solidity even further through light, reflection, and transparency, making perception itself the medium. At the opposite end of the spectrum, Agnes Martin's Untitled 5 (1989) achieves its effect through restraint, its delicate graphite lines and muted acrylic surface unfolding with near-meditative quietness.

  • A seminal light installation by Dan Flavin utilizes red fluorescent tubes to form a luminous, glowing square across a room’s corner. The vibrant red light bleeds into the architectural junction, dissolving the physical boundaries of the walls into a soft, atmospheric haze and transforming the corner into a sculptural volume of pure color.

    Dan Flavin, Untitled (to Sabine and Holger), 1966–71. Red fluorescent light. 243.8 x 243.8 x 12.7 cm.

  • A monolithic, totemic sculpture by Vincenzo De Cotiis stands atop a polished steel plinth. The vertical form is defined by rugged, horizontal striations and a weathered, metallic patina, its slightly torqued silhouette suggesting a fossilized architectural fragment. The contrast between the rough-hewn sculpture and the mirror-like pedestal emphasizes a sophisticated, brutalist elegance.

    Vincenzo De Cotiis, Untitled, 2026. Cast aluminium, German silver, recycled aluminium. 110 x 50 x 35 cm.

  • Robert Mangold’s "Four Color Frame Painting #13" features a structural, rectangular void framed by four interconnected canvases in muted grey, ochre, cream, and vibrant yellow. A hand-drawn graphite ellipse flows across the multi-paneled surface, creating a delicate tension between the rigid geometry of the frame and the fluid, organic trajectory of the line.

    Robert Mangold, Four Color Frame Painting #13, 1985. Acrylic and black pencil on canvas. 240 x 182.9 cm.

Donald Judd’s sleek, aluminum and yellow plexiglass boxes are mounted against a raw, distressed brick and plaster wall. Below, an intricate green marble wainscoting and a massive, matching Verde Alpi marble table create a rich textural tension between 20th-century industrial precision and classical Italian materiality.

Minimal Legends, exhibition view at the Vincenzo De Cotiis Foundation. Featured: Untitled (1986–87) by Donald Judd. Photography by Alberto Sinigaglia.

Into this constellation, De Cotiis' works feel like natural extensions. Presented alongside Judd’s work, his Untitled (1997), a wall-mounted sculpture in recycled aluminium, carries the surface language of Minimalism while introducing something more layered: patina, stratification, the traces of time embedded in the material itself. Where Judd's surfaces are precise and declarative, De Cotiis' are worn and accumulated. Both share the same fundamental conviction that honesty to material is the beginning of form. That conviction extends to De Cotiis’ furniture pieces from the Foundation's own collection whose surfaces share the same material vocabulary as his sculptural work: refined yet raw, brutalist yet sensual, they deepen the dialogue rather than merely furnishing the spaces.

Seen through this lens, the exhibition becomes less about categorisation than about shared concerns: perception, material, scale, and spatial presence, made all the more resonant within Palazzo Giustinian Lolin. Far from a neutral backdrop, the palazzo's gilded cornices, terrazzo floors, and timeworn silk wall coverings throw the minimalist works into stark relief, while quietly reinforcing what the exhibition is ultimately about: a conversation across time, in which history itself is a presence in the room.

The corner of a Venetian dining room displays a tactile interplay of surfaces: a rough, metallic wall sculpture by Vincenzo De Cotiis hangs above a sleek Verde Alpi marble table. Exposed brickwork meets refined marble paneling, while Donald Judd’s wall-mounted boxes reflect the exhibition’s "Minimal Legends" theme of raw-meets-refined.

Minimal Legends, exhibition view at the Vincenzo De Cotiis Foundation. Featured: Untitled (1997) by Vincenzo De Cotiis. Photography by Alberto Sinigaglia.

An expansive living area features a monumental, dark classical painting that dominates a neutral wall. Contemporary elements, including a stepped stone sideboard and a sleek, sculptural bench, are arranged with architectural precision. Large windows with traditional shutters invite soft daylight, illuminating the sophisticated interplay of Baroque scale and minimalist restraint.

Vincenzo De Cotiis Foundation. Photography by Joachim Wichmann.

A grand salon showcases a curved, dark velvet sofa positioned between monolithic, textured consoles with jagged stone inlays. A massive, monochromatic black canvas anchors the wall, while a golden glass chandelier hangs above, casting a soft glow over the varied textures of the terrazzo floor and the raw, patinated plaster walls.

Vincenzo De Cotiis Foundation. Photography by Joachim Wichmann.

That dialogue finds its most literal expression in Archaeology of Consciousness Venice, De Cotiis' permanent installation occupying the palazzo's portego overlooking the Grand Canal. Composed of three monumental arches assembled from ancient stone, marble, Murano glass, and fibreglass, the work traverses material and temporal registers simultaneously, binding Venice's architectural inheritance to speculative contemporary forms. Past, present, and future remain suspended together, much like Minimal Legends itself, which ultimately argues not for Minimalism as a closed historical chapter, but as a living language that continues to mutate across generations.

A wide-angle view of the "Archaeology of Consciousness" installation shows the De Cotiis arches positioned beneath a traditional Venetian beamed ceiling. The interplay between the sculptural resin forms and the classical architectural elements—including an ornate stone doorway and checkered marble floor—highlights a seamless convergence of historical heritage and avant-garde materiality.

Vincenzo De Cotiis, Archaeology of Consciousness, permanent installation at the Vincenzo De Cotiis Foundation. Photography by Joachim Wichmann.

A close-up detail of sculptural arches highlights a rich, mottled palette of deep burgundy, ochre, and grey stone textures. The irregular, organic patterns of the recycled materials contrast with the precise, rhythmic geometry of the palazzo’s light-grey and white checkered marble floor, emphasizing a dialogue between ancient geological aesthetics and contemporary form.

Vincenzo De Cotiis, Archaeology of Consciousness, permanent installation at the Vincenzo De Cotiis Foundation. Photography by Joachim Wichmann.

Inside a historic Venetian androne, three monumental, arch-like sculptures by Vincenzo De Cotiis stand in a rhythmic row. Crafted from translucent resin and recycled materials with weighted, marble-like bases, the honey-hued structures mirror the warm tones of the timbered ceiling, creating a contemporary colonnade that dialogues with the palazzo’s weathered stone floors.

Vincenzo De Cotiis, Archaeology of Consciousness, permanent installation at the Vincenzo De Cotiis Foundation. Photography by Joachim Wichmann.

Minimal Legends at the Vincenzo De Cotiis Foundation Brings Minimalism’s Leading Voices to Venice